Method of raising and forcing liquids.



H. A. HUMPHREY.- METHOD OF RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31. 1911. RENEWED FEB. 9.19m

Patented Oct. 16,1917.

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H. A. HUMPHHEY. METHOD OF RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS- 1917. a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Oct. 16

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M K H 1 M H. A. HUMPHREY. METHOD OF RAISING AND FORQING Ll APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31. 1911.

QUIDS. RENEWED FEB 9.1917.

Patented Oct. 16, 1917.

3 SHEETSSHEI'.T 3.

a usual exhaust valve valve 8 which controls co tween chamber a pipe 9 5o pump having HERBERT METHOD .OF RAISING GAS PUMP COMPANY,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

AND FORCING LIQUIDS.

Application filed marchel, 1911,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1,, HERBERT ALFRED HUMPHREY, a subject of the King of England, residing at 38 Victoria street, Westminster, in the county of London, England, consulting en 'neer, have invented certain new and use 111 Improvements in Methods of'Raising and Forcing Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the method of moving liquid by an expansive force. The purpose of the presentinvention' is to provide an improved method whereby" is secured an exact definite expansiblecharge for each cycle of operation, and whereby the amount of said charge may be varied at will.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate, merely by way of example, suitable means for. effecting my improved method- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic vertical section of apparatus for efl'ecting the method herein described.

Fig. 2' is a vertical section on an enlarged scale of the upper part of an expansion chamber, showing valves and valve control.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of same. i

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic vertical section of a modification of said apparatus.

Fig. 5 .is a. sectional detail of pressure controlling mechanism for regulating liquid pp y- Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Fig. 1 shows the application of the invention to the type of internal combustion a suction lift in addition to 1 is the combustion chamber, 2 is a valve which gives communication to the supply liquid which is to be raised from a level a a through the suction pipe 3 and delivered through the discharge pipe 4 to the elevated tank 5. Valves 6 and 7 are the for burnt products and admission valve for combustible charges, but in the present case there is an additional unication bea forced lift.

1 and a reservoir which projects downwardly into berl. The mechanism which controls the valves 6, 7 and; 8, is such that valve 6 .opens' at one part of the cycle, while valves 7 and, 8 remain shut, and the when valve 6 remains shut. A suitable Specification of Letters Patent.

the part of the cycle 10 through Y last mentioned, 1 valves open during another part of the cycle Patented Oct. 16, 1917.

Serial No. 618,2t2. Renewed February 9, 1917. Serial No. 147,722.

mechanism for controlling the valves will be described hereinafter.

In describing the cycle it will be assumed that there is a compressed combustible charge in the. top of chamber 1 whlch charge, when it was at about atmospheric,

pressure, occupied the top of the combustion chamber above the level of valve 8, and that valves 2, 6, 7 and 8 are all closed. Ignition occurs and the liquid in chamber 1 is driven downward setting the column of liquid in pipe 4 in motion so that it gains velocity. When expansion has been carri to about atmospheric pressure in chamber 1 the exhaust valve 6 opens under its own weight but valves 7 and 8 remain locked shut. The liquid column is now moving in pipe 4: with considerable velocity and the further downward movement of the liquid in chamber 1 creates a partial vacuum therein suflicient to cause valve 2 to open and liquid tobe drawn through pipe 3 until the energy of the moving column is expended,

the liquid in pipe 4 comes to rest, and valve 2 closes under its ,ownweight. Non-return valve-11 in the exhaust pipe prevents burnt gases being drawn into chamber 1 during last described. A return movement of the column of liquid toward the combustion chamber now begins due to the head or pressure to which the liquid has been raised or forced, and to the partial vacuum in chamber 1. Liquid rising in the combustion chamber expels products of combustion through exhaust valve 6 and non-return valve 11 until the liquid having gained velocity and reached valve 6 shuts this valve in the usual way and compresses an elastic cushion in the space above The cushion ex'pan'sion stroke now occurs, causing the second outward movement of the liquid column and the intake of a combustible charge through. valve 8, which may open under its own weight when the pressure is low enough, and also through valve 7, which opens against spring. If there were no frictional or other losses the cushion expansion stroke would be followed by an intake of combustible mixture until the level of liquid in chamber 1 was again that at which the beginning of the first instroke occurred, when the column ofliquid would come to rest and valve 7 would shutunder the action of its spring. Owing, however, to frictional and other this valve,

the action of its.

losses the level of liquid does not fall so' far, but none the less the volume of combustible mixture thus drawn into chamber 1 exceeds the volume of the charge last ignited, which at approximately atmospheric pressure occupied thespace in the combustion chamber above the level of valve 8. It

is therefore necessary to reject the surplus mixture, and this is accomplished when the second inward movement of the liquid col umn occurs, allow the surplus mixture through pipe 9 into reservoir 10,- as the liquid rises in chamber 1., When the liquid reaches valve 8, it shuts this valve, and the continued movement of the column of liquid compresses the correct volume of combustible mixture in the top of chamber 1 pressed against the ready for ignition to start a fresh cycle.

If reservoir 10 is a closed vessel the entrance of the surplus mixture will slightly raise the pressure in reservoir 10 and this additional pressure will remain till valve 8 opens again in the next cycle. There will in consequence be a tendency, when the next admission stroke occurs, :for the surplus mixture to escape past valve 8 into the combustion chamber before valve 7 opens against the action of its light spring. Then when valve 7 opens the additional quantity of mixture is-taken in. It will thus be seen that for normal steady working of the ap paratus a certain volume of mixture enters and leaves chamber 10 at each cycle and the correct working charge is supplied through valve 7 at each cycle. T; e

Describing next the gear, shown in Figs. 2 and 3; on the stems of the yalves 6, 7 and 8 are nuts 11, 12 and 13 respectively, re.- cessed as, shown. so thatv a rotating bolt pivoted at 14 and having three arms 15, 16 and 17, adapted to enter the recesses, may when in one position, shut.

On a pivot 22 carried by the bridge piece 18 turns a lever having three arms 19, 20

that the positions are correct for the work 'ing' stroke" in chamber 1. On the first inward movement'of the liquid column, valve 11 will be lifted as soon as the pressure of the gases. in chamber 1 is slightly above atmospheric pressure, and the burnt gases will be discharged past; valve 6 until this valve is shut by the action of the liquid. -Until this occurs the} end of. arm." 15 is non-recessed portion of for valve 8 remains open to,

to be discharged lock valves 7 and 8\ ling mechanism and positions by the spring 23 whichnut' 11, for the reason that, of the "two springs '26 and 27, which are attached between 21 and the two projections 28 and 29 upon the rotating bolt, spring 26 is under greater tension than spring 27, owing to 21 leading tothe left of the vertical position.

As soon however, as valve 6 shuts, spring 26 urges the end of 15 into the recess of nut 11 and locks valve 6 "shut. The movements of the rotating' bolt at the same time release arms 16 and'17 from the recesses of nuts 12 and 13, so that valves 7 and 8 are free to open when pressure in chamber 1 is low enough. When the admission stroke occurs and valve 7 o ens, nut 12 engages arm 20, and turns thethree armed lever into its other extreme position, so that arm 21 is now on the right hand side of the pivot 22 and puts tension on spring 27, while relieving that on spring 26. The rotating bolt is now urged to the right, and when valves 7 and 8 are shut, the arms 16 and 17 engage in the recesses of the nuts 12 and 13 and so look the two valves shut and at the same time release valve 6.

In Fig. 2 valve 7 is shown with a double seat, with the object of admitting air through the annular space 29, and gas through the pipe 30 in such a manner that valve 7 controls the admission -of both constituents.

It is sometimes advantageous to substitute for thevalve 7, at the top of the coinbustion chamber, a similanvalve attached to the reservoir 10, as for instance on a branch 31, so as to admit combustible mixture into thereservoir 10. In such a case the working charge, as well as the surpluscombustible mixture, will pass through pipe 9 and valve 8-into'the chamber, on each admission stroke, and valves 6 and 8 will be utually controlled in the same way as has 1; been described for valves 6 and 7. Valve 7 is then independent of any controlsimply opens under suction against the action of-its light spring.

able vertically with reference to the combustion chamber 1, the flexibility of the appa ratus is greatly. increased. It will be seen that if Lhe'position offvalve 8 is lowered with respect to the-top of chamber 1, by moving pipe 9 vertically downward in the chamber, then the amount of combustible charge retained for the working stroke is increased. -It is then desirable to increase the cushion space above valve 6 by lowering the exhaust pipe in chamber 1. If these twochanges are made the conditions are cormet for an increased output per working stroke. v

Should the amount of liquid oscillating in pipe 4 become lessened by waste or other cause, the amount of combustible mixture the liquid, confining the expelled excesses of taken into chamber 1 will be increased thus charge and utilizing the same in connection increasing the amount of surplus charge to with. subsequent charges.

be rejected. It is very. desirable that the 3. The method which consists in reciproamount of charge rejected should remain eating a liquid, the first outstroke being due approximately constant, and this can be acto an expansive force, entraining a combuscomplished by regulating a supply of liquid tible charge in excess of amount required, by to pipe 4 by the simple device shown in Fig. one movement of the liquid, expelling the 5, where a portion of the chamber 1 and pipe excess of said charge and compressing the 4 are. shown connected with a pipe 40, caparemaining charge by a return movement of ble of supplying liquid under pressure the liquid, confining under pressure the exthrough cock 41 and non-return valve 42. pelled excesses of charge and utilizing the Opening into reservoir 10 is a barrel 43 in same in connection with subsequent charges.

which slides a piston 44 attached to a rod 4. The method which consists in .recipro- 50 having at its other end a pin 51 engaging eating a liquid, the first outstroke being due in a slot52 of a lever 53 which controls the to an expansive force, entraining an expanposition of cock'41. A spring 54 urges the sible charge in excess of amount required, by piston 44 to the left, in which position the one movement of the liquid, expelling by a lever 53 closes the cock 41. At each cycle return movement of the liquid, the excess 0 the rejected charge, entering reservoir 10, said charge and thereby causing an increase increases the pressure therein, and this inof pressure in order to discharge like volcrease of pressure acting upon piston 44 umes at subsequent cycles. urges the rod 50 and lever 53 to the right 5. The method which consists in reciproagainst the action of spring 54, thus tendeating a liquid, the first outstroke being due 25 mg to open cock 41. The adjustment of to'an expansive force, entraimng an expanthese parts may be such, that any excess of sible charge in excess of amount required,

' pressure in chamber 10, above a desired by one movement of the liquid, expelling by amount, will open cock 41 for a portion of a return movement of the liquid, the excess each cycle and thus allow liquid to be supof said charge and thereby causing an inplied to increase the volume of the oscillatcrease of pressure, in order to discharge like ing column in pipe 4 until the amount ofrevolumes at subsequent cycles, and controljected charge is thereby decreased and the ling, by said increase of pressure, the amount rise of pressure in chamber 10 is no longer of liquid reciprocated. suflicient to cause the piston 44 to open the h method whlch 001181965 111 I P 35 cock 41 for a portion of each cycle. By this eating a liquid, the first outstroke being due [00 means the rise of pressure in reservoir 10 to an expansive force, entraining an expancan be made approximately constant or, in sible charge in excess of amount required, other words, the amount of charge rejected by n In m n f h 11q 1d, p g each cycle remains approximately the same. by a return movement of the liqu d, the ex- 40 If the pressure of supply in pi e 40 is high cess of said charge intov a reservoir, thereby enough valve 42 may be omitted, then by causing an increase of pressure in order to making the cock 41 a two-way co k th odischarge like volumes at subsequent cycles, tion of lever 53 can be made either to perand controlling, by said increase of presmit liquid to flow throu h pipe 40 into pipe Sure a supply to liquid acted upon by the 45 4 or to discharge liquid rom pipe 4 to waste, expansive charge. and by such an arrangement the pressure in 7. The method which consists in reciprochamber 10 may be prevented from falling eating a liquid, the first outstroke being due below a definite amount as well as from to an expansive force, entraining an-expan- -rising above a desired amount. sible charge, in excess of amount required,

50 What I claim is I by one movement of the liquid, expelling 1. The method which consists in reciproby a return movement of the liquid, the excating a liquid, the firstoutstroke being due cess of said charge and compressing the re-' to an expansive force, entraining an expanmaining charge. 5 sible charge in excess of amount required, 8. The method which consists in recipro- 55 by one movement of the reciprocating liquid, eating a liquid, the first outstrokebeing due expelling the excess of said charge and comto an expansive force, a return strokebe'ing pressing the remaining charge by a return due to pressure or head of l1qu1d result1ng' movement of said liquid. from the outstroke, utilizing said return 2, The method which consists in reciprostroke to expel exhaust products and com- 60 eating a liquid, the first outstroke being due press an elastic cushion, IllilllZlIQg the ex,- to an expansive force, entraining'a combuspension of said cushion to cause a second tible charge in excess of amount required, out-stroke, entrainingz a, fresh vexpansible v by one movement'of the liquid, expellingthe charge in excessof amount required, by one excess of said charge and compressing the movement of the liquid, expelling the excess 5 remaining charge by a return movement of of said charge and compressing the remainto an expansive force,

s1ve expansible charge by one movement of eating a liquid, the first from the outstroke,

' to an expansive force,

ing' charge by a return movement of the liquid.

9. The method which consists in reciprooutstroke being due to, an expansiveforce, a return stroke being due to pressure or head of liquid resulting utilizing said return stroke to expel exhaust products and com press an elastic cushion, utilizing the expansion of said cushion to cause. a second outstroke, .varying the "Volume of the elastic cushion, entraining a fresh expansible charge in excess of amount required, by one movement of the liquid, expelling the excess of said charge and compressing the remaining charge by a return movement of the liquid.

10. The method which consists in recipro eating liquid, the first outstroke being due entraining an excessive expansible charge by one movement of the reciprocating liquid, expelling by a return movement of the liquid the excess of supply, thereby causing said charge into a an increase of pressure of the supply.

11. The method which consists in recipro-.

eating liquid, the first outstroke being due to an expansive force, entraining an excess1ve expanslble charge by one movement of the reciprocating liquid, expelling the excess of said charge by v a return movement of the liquid adapted to confine the balance of the charge. I

12. The method which cating'liquid, the first outstroke being due entraining an excesthe reciprocating liquid, expelling the excess of said charge by a return movement of the liquid adapted to confine the balance.

ofthe charge and varying the amount of charge confined.

13. The method which consists in recipconsists in reciprocushion, utilizing the expansion of the elastic cushion to cause a second outstroke to entrain an excessive expansible charge, expelling the excess of said charge, and com pressing the remaining charge bya-return movement of the liquid, and varying the volume of elastic cushion compressed.

14:- The method which consists in reciprocating liquid, the first outstroke being due to an expansive force, entraining an excessive expansive charge by said outstroke, utilizing the movement of the outstroke to discharge a portion andto compress the balance of an elastic cushion, utilizing the movement of the liquid in the return stroke to expel the excess of theexpansible charge and then to confine and compress the balance of said discharge adjusting the amount of charge confined and compressed.

15. The method which consists in reciprocating a liquid of sufficient volume and path of travel to acquire useful momentum, the first outstroke being due to an expansive force, entraining an excessive 'expansible charge by one movement of the liquid, expelling the excess of said charge, compressing the remaining charge by a return move,- ment of the liquid, and varying the volume of charge compressed.

In testimony whereof I have signed .my nameto this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. HERBERT ALFRED HUMPHREY.

Witnesses:

Josnrn KILLARD,

WALTER J. SKERTEN. 

